CAS In order to reproduce and develop, plants in karst areas have gradually formed morphological structures that adapt to the living environment in the long-term evolution process [15]. E Changes in MDA content of three lithophytic bryophytes after 7days of culture in Ca2+ 400mmol/L solution. Prepare Ca2+ solution with anhydrous CaCl2, and then adjust the pH of the solution to 7 with NaOH (consistent with the average pH of the soil at the sampling site). Request PDF | On Apr 25, 2022, Qing-Hua Wang and others published Diversity, phylogeny and adaptation of bryophytes: insights from genomic and transcriptomic data | Find, read and cite all the . Research progress in root ecology of karst vegetation in China. Lithophytic bryophytes is "slow" to respond to changes in Ca2+ concentration in the environment, showing "passive response" or "lazy response". Stomata or similar structures are necessary in land plants because the waxy cuticle blocks free-flow of gasses. Most bryophytes, especially shade tolerant species, require much less saturated light intensity for photosynthesis than higher plants [45, 46]. Google Scholar. A The changes of MDA content of three lithophytic bryophytes cultured in different concentrations of Ca2+ solution for 7days. A the growth state of Eurohypnum leptothallum before treatment with Ca2+ solution, (B) the growth state of Eurohypnum leptothallum after 2months of culture with Ca2+ solution.:Ca2+ concentration is 0 mmol/L, :Ca2+ concentration is 50 mmol/L, : Ca2+concentration is 100 mmol/L, : Ca2+ concentration is 200 mmol/L, : Ca2+ concentration is 400 mmol/L, : Ca2+ concentration is 800mmol/L, Growth of Hyophila involute in different calcium environments. Classification 7. First pour out the water in the culture ware, then spray 30ml of Ca2+ solution into each culture ware, mark the ion concentration and treatment time, and set 7 repetitions for each concentration. Prepare Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 reagent, weigh 100mg of Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250, dissolve it in 50ml of 95% ethanol, add 100mL of 85% (m/V) phosphoric acid, and finally fix the volume of distilled water to 1000mL. By testing the stress resistance indexes of plants under different calcium environments, it was found that the changes of total calcium content in rhizosphere soil, proline content in leaves, POD and SOD activities of calcium loving plants respectively were w (Ca)=32.4443.98g/kg, w (Pro)=97.53183.62g/g, w(POD)6.2138.43Kat,w(SOD)1.472.48Kat,slightly higher than intermediate plants, is 12 orders of magnitude higher than calcium intolerant plants [14]. Characteristics of the nutrient element contents in plants from Guizhou karst mountainous area of China. And there are small and dense lower epidermal pores (328 mm2) under dense epidermal hairs, which can inhibit transpiration rate and improve photosynthetic efficiency [17].Loropetalum chinense grown in karst areas and non karst areas has significant differences in leaf width and thickness, stomatal distribution frequency, upper epidermal cell size and palisade tissue thickness [18]. 8-C). Beijing: Science Press; 2012. Hyophila involut and Didymodon constrictus belong to upright cluster type, while Eurohypnum leptothallum belongs to creeping type, the difference of gametophyte morphology. Land Plants | Organismal Biology - gatech.edu Some spores protected by sporopollenin have . 12). In addition, early land plants acquired novel defense mechanisms to protect plant tissues . With the extension of culture time, the variation trend and range of SP content in lithophytic bryophytes are different at the same concentration. Ca Covariant relation in plant-soil system in a small karst catchment. CARSOLOGICA SINICA. Wang Z, Liu X, Bao W. Higher photosynthetic capacity and different functional trait scaling relationships in erect bryophytes compared with prostrate species. The change trend of Didymodon constrictus and Eurohypnum leptothallum is the same, which decreases from 1 to 2days, increases from 2 to 3days, and decreases after 3days (Fig. Changes of POD in lithophytic bryophytes in different calcium environments. Combined drought and heat stress in Camellia oleifera cultivars: Leaf characteristics, soluble sugar and protein contents, and rubisco gene expression. Xiong L, Long CL, Liao QL. Bryophytes are very resilient and have a unique ability to recover from long-lasting extreme environmental conditions ( La Farge et al. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. 11). 4-C).When Ca2+=200mmol/L, the Pro content of Eurohypnum leptothallum and Didymodon constrictus was significantly higher than that of Hyophila involute, and the Pro content of Eurohypnum leptothallum increased with the extension of culture time. The thickness of upper epidermal cells in karst areas increases, and their arrangement is staggered and inlaid with each other, while the shape of upper epidermal cells in non karst areas is relatively regular, mostly irregular quadrilateral [18]. Diversity, phylogeny and adaptation of bryophytes: insights from Wang Z, Liu X, Bader MY, Feng D, Bao W. The plant economic spectrum in bryophytes, a comparative study in subalpine forest. The present study aimed to explore the physiological regulation process of karst lithophytic bryophytes under high calcium environment, and to provide scientific basis for revealing the maintenance mechanism of karst biodiversity. Research advances in plant ecological adaptability in karst area. Didymodon constrictus was in a stable state, and Hyophila involute decreased in 1days -3days, increased in 3days -5days, and decreased after 5days (Fig. ROS was positively correlated with the total growth (P=0.66) and the growth in first month (p=0.78), while Pro and ABA were negatively correlated with total growth and the growth in second month (Fig. Local adaptations in bryophytes revisited: the genetic structure of the 6-F). Several adaptations can be observed. 2021;21(1):458. Mosses and alternative adaptation to life on land | Request PDF (5) The peroxidase (POD) activity was determined by guaiacol colorimetry [56].First, prepare 0.1mol/L phosphoric acid buffer solution (pH=6.0), reaction mixture: take 50mL of 0.1mol/L phosphoric acid buffer solution reagent (pH=6.0) in a beaker, add 28g of guaiacol, heat and stir on a magnetic mixer until the pre traumatic lignol is dissolved, add 19L 30% H2O2 after the solution cools, mix and stir, mix well, and store at low temperature. 6-E). 4-A).When Ca2+=50mmol/L, the Pro content of Eurohypnum leptothallum and Didymodon constrictus is the lowest, when Ca2+100mmol/L, the Pro content rises sharply, and when Ca2+400mmol/L, the Pro content of both shows a steady downward trend.When Ca2+=200mmol/L, Pro content of Hyophila involute is the lowest, when 200mmol/LCa2+400mmol/L, when Ca2+>400mmol/L Pro content increased sharply. The data were statistically analyzed by Excel 2016, SPSS16.0 and other software, and plotted by Origin8.5 software. Despite their small size and simple structure, bryophytes are the second largest group of extant land plants. For example, the average Ca content in karst lithophytic bryophyte is 1.903% [9], in fern is 1.25%, in shrub and herb plants is 1.909% [10], and in arbor is 2.16% [11]. In addition, ABA, as a plant endogenous hormone, is the core hormone for plants to respond to stress [51]. Article Shared by ADVERTISEMENTS: In this article we will discuss about:- 1. On karst ecosystem. 7-F). Bryophytes are the closest extant relatives of early terrestrial plants. 2021;41(5):72637. The change trend of POD activity of Didymodon constrictus and Eurohypnum leptothallum is the same, showing a slow increase (Fig. 2014;53(16):38404+ 3858. Chen G, Li S. Plant Physiology Experiment. Correspondence to Colorimetry was used to determine the pigment, with 95% ethanol as the blank, and the absorbance was measured at 665nm, 649nm [57].The contents of chlorophyll, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b were calculated by method Arnon. The data of MDA, SP, Pro, POD, SOD and ABA of karst lithophytic bryophytes cultured at different Ca2+ concentrations were tested by one-way ANOVA(=0.05).If the variance is homogeneous, the least significant difference (LSD) method is used for multiple significant comparisons.If the variance is not homogeneous, use Tamhanes T2 method for multiple comparisons, and the significance level is(=0.05).Pearson correlation analysis method was used to analyze the correlation between the growth of stony bryophytes and the content of osmoregulation substances, antioxidant enzymes and abscisic acid under different Ca2+ concentration. 2017;37(6):70715. We used a sharp blade to collect the green stems and leaves on the upper part of gametophytes of bryophytes, wrap them with tin foil and mark them for classification, then put them into liquid nitrogen for quick freezing for 3min, and then put them into a low-temperature refrigerator at -80 for storage. Li YB, Hou JJ, Xie DT. Effects of ca stress on physiological and biochemical characteristics of honeysuckle. Bryophytes, including mosses, liverworts and hornworts are early land plants that have evolved key adaptation mechanisms to cope with abiotic stresses and microorganisms. Some spores protected by sporopollenin have . According to the proportion of tissue mass (g): volume of extract (mL): 1:5, homogenate; After that, put it in 95 water bath to shake and extract for 10min; 10000g, centrifuged at 25 for 10min, take the supernatant, and cool it to be tested. Environmental stress can cause various adverse effects on plants, such as osmotic stress, ionic toxicity and nutritional imbalance [28], and the accumulation of inorganic and organic solutes involved in osmotic regulation is an important mechanism for plants to adapt to environmental stress [29].The Pro content of Hyophila involut, Eurohypnum leptothallum and Didymodon constrictus were the lowest when the concentration of Ca2+ was 200mmol/L, 50mmol/L and 50mmol/L respectively, the SP content was the lowest when the concentration was 100mmol/L, 100mmol/L and 50-100mmol/L, and the MDA content was the lowest when the concentration was 100mmol/L, 100mmol/L and 50mmol/L. First, prepare reagents, 50mmol/L phosphate buffer (pH=7.8), extraction medium: 50mmol/L phosphate buffer (pH=7.8) contains 10g/L polyvinylpyrrolidone, 130mmol/L methionine (Met) solution, 750g/mL nitrogen blue tetrazole (NBT) solution, 100g/mL EDTA-Na2 solution, 20g/mL riboflavin solution, and all reagents are stored at low temperature and away from light. Study on Adaptability of Lonicera plants to karst environment. There was a significant positive relationship between SOD activity and POD activity (p=0.95). Under different Ca2+ concentrations, the maximum SOD activity of lithophytic bryophytes is 1758.00 (U/g FW), the minimum is 92.60 (U/g FW), the maximum POD activity is 120.88 (U/g FW), and the minimum is 4.80 (U/g FW). 2020;51(6):6639. Begum YM, Sunil K. Comprehensive study of the genes involved in chlorophyll synthesis and degradation pathways in some monocot and dicot plant species. When Ca2+=800mmol/L, the change trend of Didymodon constrictus and Hyophila involut is the same, which decreases from 1 to 2days, increases from 2 to 3days, and decreases after 3days. PubMed Central Huazhong University of science and Technology, College of Life Sciences;2007. Contents: Meaning of Bryophytes Xue F.Leaf functional traits and their interrelationships with woody plants in karst forest of Maolan. B The correlation diagram between the growth volume and osmolyte of Eurohypnum leptothallum in high calcium environment. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. Am J Bot. Wu YH, Huang GH, AO Q. Characteristics of element contents and ecological stoichiometry in Leaves of Common Calcicole Species in Maolan karst forest. Among them, the tchl and Chla and chlb of Hyophila involut and Didymodon constrictus showed a negative correlation, while Eurohypnum leptothallum showed a significant positive correlation. It has a stem, which is rigid enough to stand upright and support the . Growth physiological response of ca loving and ca hating plants to exogenous Ca2+. Bryophytes, on the other hand, evolved desiccation tolerance and represent an alternative strategy of adaptation to life on land, photosynthesizing and growing when water is available, and suspending metabolism when it is not. Alicia PC, gueda GR, Beatriz FM. Surviving without water The paper by Zotz et al. ABA may play a stress signal transduction function with other hormones or proteins to promote plants to adapt to high Ca environment, and its exact mechanism needs further study. 2021;23(7):15160. W. Watson. 149 - New Phytologist 6-A). Study on soil formation and soil conservation ecological functions of five karst lithophytic mosses in Guizhou. Dai QH.Characteristics of the adaptations of epilithic mosses to high-calcium habitats in the karst region of southwest China. statement and Am J Bot. It shows that ABA has a certain role in regulating the adaptation of lithophytic bryophytes to high calcium environment. PubMed The first bryophytes (liverworts) most likely appeared in the Ordovician period, about 450 million years ago. Changes in total chlorophyll of lithophytic bryophytes. 2018;38(1):1507. Plasma Sci Technol. BMC Plant Biology PDF Chapter 22 Bryophytes - UC Davis The manuscript does not involve the use of any animal or human data or tissues. The Pro contents of the three lithophytic bryophytes showed a decreasing-rising-decreasing trend with the increase of Ca2+ concentration, but there were differences in the Pro contents and changing trends of different species under different Ca2+concentrations (Fig. Frangedakis E, Shimamura M, Villarreal JC. However, there are still some shortcomings, such as (1) the relationship between the biodiversity of lithophytic bryophytes and their community composition and the environment in karst areas, (2) the functional traits of karst lithophytic bryophytes, (3) the regulation mechanism of lithophytic bryophytes on high calcium environment Wait.Therefore, in this study, the dominant species of karst lithophytic bryophytes were selected as the research objects, and the morphological changes and physiological regulation processes of karst lithophytic bryophytes were observed by culturing them in different concentrations of Ca2+ solutions at different times, and then to reveal the effect of lithophytic bryophytes on karst high Ca adaptation mechanisms to the environment. The hornworts: morphology, evolution and development. A combination of morphological and photosynthetic functional traits maintains the vertical distribution of bryophytes in a subtropical cloud forest. The high content of Ca in soil is one of the most important environmental factors affecting its vegetation type and distribution, as well as plant physiological characteristics. It is inactive at low concentrations, and it will make a resistance response only when the concentration of Ca2+ in the environment exceeds its physiological tolerance limit. The existence of isolation by environment within the model bryophyte species may therefore be more fruit-ful. Lay a layer of cleaned sponge (1cm thick) on the bottom of the culture ware (15cm*15cm), lay a layer of cleaned non-woven fabric on the sponge, add water to the culture ware (just before the non-woven fabric), then each treatment group was cultured with moss with a fresh weight of 1.0g, and the water was changed every three days. However, there may be other photosynthetic pigment synthesis pathways in lithophytic bryophytes, so that the chlorophyll content increases at 800mmol/L. E Changes of POD content of three lithophytic bryophytes after 7days of cultivation in Ca2+ 400mmol/L solution. When Ca2+=50mmol/L, the POD activity of Hyophila involut is the highest. When Ca2+=100mmol/L, with the extension of time, the MDA content of Didymodon constrictus showed a "W" type change trend, while the change range of Hyophila involut and Eurohypnum leptothallum was not large (Fig. The SP content in the lithophytic bryophytes showed a downward upward downward trend with the increase of Ca2+, and the SP content decreased at 0mmol/L200mmol/L (Fig. Guo XM, Wang JM, Du HH,Fang YX,Liu JT. By using this website, you agree to our Adaptation to land habitat of bryophytes pdf Organellomic data sets confirm a cryptic consensus on (unrooted) land-plant relationships and provide new insights into bryophyte molecular evolution. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Biol Fert Soils. PubMedGoogle Scholar. Finally, determine the enzyme activity, take two cuvettes with a light diameter of 1cm, and add 3mL of reaction mixture and 1mL of phosphate buffer into one cuvette as a blank control. Biology 2e, Biological Diversity, Seedless Plants, Bryophytes When the concentration of Ca2+ is greater than this concentration, the POD activity of lithophytic bryophytes decreases (Fig. The method as follows: Clean the soil and other magazines on the surface of the bryophyte. 2007 ). Wang CM, Yi Y. Physiological activity and calcium content of calciphile, ubiquists and calcifuge under nature environment. The first bryophytes (liverworts) most likely appeared in the Ordovician period, about 450 million years ago. 6-C). Wu TH, Long CL, Xiong L, Liu Q. Zhu SQ. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. Bryophyte adaptations and constraints. 1: The growth of lithophytic bryophytes in Ca2+ medium in the first month, 2: The growth of lithophytic bryophytes in Ca2+ medium in the second month,3: The growth of lithophytic bryophytes in Ca2+ medium for 2months.